Garbage-furnace.



No. 835,699 PATENTEDN V. 13, 1906. B. BOULGER.

GARBAGE FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I A; QB

Attest: I Inventor: WM W a; 4

PATENTED NOV. 13,1906.

B. BOULGER. GARBAGE FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, I905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor FFII No. 835,699. PATENT ED NOV. 13, 1906 B. BOULGERi I GARBAGEFURNACE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1905.

4.14 Atty 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

, 0.5 NEW YORK, N. Y.

GAREAGEMFURNXAGE:

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 13, 1906.

Toct whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, BENJAMIN Bounces, a citizen of the United States,residingat New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvement-sin. Garbage- Furnaces,of which-the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a furnace for the incineration of garbage; andits novelty consists in the construction and adaptation oi the parts, aswill be pointed out.

Garbage is wet and contains many vegetable matters comprising cellsretaining water in globular form, and it is ditlicult to get more fullyhereinafter rid of this entrained Water.

' minating in the Wa boundary of the It is the purpose of my inventionto make an efiicient furnace and one in which the energy developed bythe combustion of the fuel is more completely utilized.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical lngitudinal section through myimproved furnace. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same on theplane of the broken line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Figs. 3,4, and are verticaltransverse sections on the planes of the lines 3 3, 4 4, and 5 5 inFig.1. I

In the drawings, is a principal-furnace chamberhaving suitable Walls 1111, provided with openings 1212, adapted to receive the material to becremated, a grate 13, a second upwardly-inclined grate 14-, and aperforated platform 15.

16 is a fuel-feeding door, and 17 a door leading to an ash-pit 18 underthe grate 13. A short Wall 19 serves as a support for the adjacent endsof the grates 13 and 1 1, and a second Wall 100 serves to separate theprincipal-furnace chamber from a secondaryfurnace-chamber. 101 is avertical wall depending from the upper Wall of the furnace andterminating beneath the level of the platform 15. a

20 is the secondary-furnace chamber. In this 21 is a grate, 22 is avertical wall supporting one side of the same, and is its ash-pi 2 1 isa horizontal erforated platform terll 101, forming the rearprincipaldurnace chamber .0.

111,200, and 201 are doors leading into the interior'ol the apparatusfrom the outside.

f evolved in the chambers -is a chamber designed to promote the morecomplete combustion of the gases 10 and 20. It has a closed top 81, isbounded on one side by the wall 101 and on the other side by a wall 33,and is closed beneath'by the floor 2 20 common to the entire structure.It is provided with a centrally-arranged diaphram 25,

having horizontal openings. .26, and a passage 27 through the wall 23leads outwardly therefrom for a purpose presently to be described. It isalso provided with a horizontal flue'28, which leads to a suitablechimney. (Not shown.)

Adjacent to the apparatus so far described is a steam-generating plant.This comprises a boiler 40 of any suitable construction. A furnace 11 isarranged beneath the boiler and comprises the usual combustion chamber12, grate 48, ash-pit 14, and the other adjuncts common to suchstructures and which need no particular description. The flue .28, itwill be observed,passes under this furnace plant. This flue is providedwitha damper 280, having a handle 281 and adapted to slide vertically insuitable ways 282. The passage 27, which leads into thecombustion-chamber 12, is control ed by a damper 270, having a handle271 and adapted to slide in suitable ways 272. I

A flue -15 leads from above the boiler 40 to the chimney. (Not shown.)

A steam-pipe -16, provided with suitable valves, leads from the boiler10 down into the mouths of the pipes 51 51 and is so arranged (in amanner well understood by those skilled in the art) that a jet of steamunder pressure derived from the boiler can be injectedinto these pipes.

The grate 14 is of the rotating kind and 5 comprises rotatable bars 140,which terminste one side in cog-wheels. (Not shown.) The uppermost barin the series is provided with a pulley or sprocket and is actuated by abelt or chain from a small engine 1 11, roe

which is energized by steam. received from the boiler 40 through thepipe 142.

The entire space beneath the chambers 20 and 30 constitutes anair-tempering chamher. It is provided at the rear conduits or pipes51-51, which lead from the outer air underneath the boiler plant, andwith two other conduits or pipes 52 which lead upwardly through the wall100 and into the space underneath the grate 1 1 rte end with two of theprincipal furnace. Two other pipes 53 53 lead upward from the front end.of the chamber 50 into the space underneath the grates 13 13.

'The mode of using my improved furnace is as follows: First, when thesteam-plant is not employed the passage-Way 27 is closed by lowering thedamper 270, and the flue 28, leading to the chimney, is opened byraising the damper 280. Fires are then started in the principal-turnacechamber and the secondaryfurnace chamber 20. lhc'feedopenings 12 12 arethen opened, and the garbage or other material to be cremated is thrownupon the platform 15 and the grate 14.. The wateryconstituents of thegarbage are graduallj era 'iorated, the garbage dried, and put intocondition to be used as fuel The dry garbage upon the front portion ofthe platform 15 will fall down upon the grate H, and some of it willtall through the openings in the plat Form 15 into the chamber 2t)beneath the same. A portion oi it will naturally also fall upon theplatform or horizontal diapl'nagm :2 The gases constituting the )artialproducts oi combustion and which around the rear end of the platform 15and above the platform '34 into the chamber 2t) and pass thenceunderneath the platform 34 to the chamber 30, serving in their passagelurther to heat the material upon the plati form 24 and also that uponthe platform 15. The products of the partial combustion which taltcsplace in the chamber 10 pass some ol them upward through theperforations in the platform 15, some of them between the platforms 1:3and 24, and some oi them beneath the platform 24,'all in time reachingthe chamber St). in this chamber the pe upward alongsidt ol' thevertical wall 35 and through the perforations with which it. is providedand finally pass downward againin the flue 28 and thence to the chininAfter all of these operations the heat derived from the combustion oithe fuel cmplrnycd and ot' the garbage and other materials burned servesto heat the plati'ornis l5 and 2%, the floor Bit), the Walls ll of thechamber It), and the Walls 101,31, and 33 of the clninnber 3t) and thevertical wall of this last-narncd chamber until they constitute aillOi'Ullglll)'-llttll(!(l solid body, tending to set tire to anythingbrought: into contact tlicrewith. The vertical wall 25 in eil'ectbecomes red hot, and thus serves to create a draft which draws theproducts of combustion from the front to the rear end of the apparatus.

Bu iposing now that it is desired to use the supplemental steam plant inconnection with this apparatus, the damper T0 is raised to atl'ord ammmunication between the chamber and the combustion-chamber ll be-Iicath the boiler 40 and the damper 250 is l by th i are generated inthe chamber it) pa s 5 lowered, closing the connection between the flue-28 and the chimney. When this has been done, the heated gases comingfrom the chamber 30 serve toheat. the water in the boiler 40 and togenerate steam therein. They then pass upward into the flue l5 andthence into the chimney. The steam thus generated in the boiler is bymeans of the pipe 46 and its connection turned into the pipes 51 51 inthe t'orm of a jet. it forces the air in these pipes or conduits intothe chamber 50, beneath the liner E l-t) ol' the apparatus, and in turnforces it on and upward through the pipes 5'2 in the wall (shown indotted outline in Fig. l) and through the pipes 53, (shown also indotted outline in Fig. 1,) thus introducing the air from the chainher50, where it has been heated by its contact with the tloor Z lt) of the.apparatus, underneath the grates M and 13. The introduction of thisheated air underneath these grates helps to promote the etliciency ofthe combustion which takes place above the grates, to more thoroughlyand rapidly burn the material on the grates, and to etl'ect a saving inthe energv derived irom the combustion oi the hings burned in thefurnace.

flierc a large mass ofgarbage is to be treated quickly, it. may be andoften is dcsir able that it should be subjected to a rather tiercc heatat first. For this purpose it is led into the apparatus through theiced-a p erture above the grate 14mm! means are provided for rotatingthe grate-bars of this grate so as to facilitate the descent of thegarbage and to expose it. the more thoroughly to the action of theheated air rising upward from beneath the grate. For this purpose themeans above described for rotating the bars is employed. it thestcaiii-generating plant is not in use and it is desirable to rotate thegrate-bars, this may be accomplished by turning the sprocket or pulleyattached to the uppermost. bar by hand.

'lhc apparatus described uses up more complet cly the energ derived fromthe burning of the garbage than any similar form of apparatus known tome. The reversion of the currents ol he prodrirtt-i ol' combos: ion,their passage through the smoltc-ccrsuming chamber h), and their useWien desired in the generation oi steam, which. in turn is used toprovide means for forcing air heated Within the apparatus under thegrates ol' the principal combustion-chambe all tend to use up port ionsoi te heat ener y developed in the apparatus which have not heretotoreto my knowledge been usefully employed.

What I claim new is 1. A garbage-hrrnace comprising a principal furnace,at secondary furnace, a smokeconsuining chamber, an air-temperingchamber adjacent. to and deriving its heat from the I furnaces, asteaiii-generating plant actuated e energy derived l'rom the combustionI30 of the fuel in the furnaces, and a connection between theair-tempering chamber and the steam-generator.

2. A garbage-furnace comprising a principal furnace, a secondaryfurnace,a smokeconsuming chamber, an air-tempering chamber adjacent to andderiving its heat from the furnace, and m ans adapted to force the airheated therein to and beneath the grates of the. furnaces consisting ofa boiler heated by the gases coming from the furnaces and avalve-controlled conduit leading from the steam-space of the boiler tothe air-tempering chamber.

3. A garbage-fumace comprising a principal furnace, a secondary furnace,a smokeconsuming chamber, an air-tempering cham ber adjacent to andderiving its heat from the furnaces, conduits leading from the out e;air to said airtempering chamber and means adapted to put afluid-pressure upon the air in said conduits, to draw it into theconduits and force it to and beneath the grate-bars of the furnaces.

4. A garbage-furnace comprising a principal furnace, at secondaryfurnace, a smokeconsnming chamber, anair-tempering chamber adjacent toand deriving its heat from the furnaces, conduits leading from the outerair to said air-tempering chamber and means adapted to put afluid-pressure upon the air +11 said conduits, to draw it into theconduits and force it to and beneath the grate-bars of the furnaces,consisting of a steam-jet discharging into the conduits leading from theouter air to the air-tempering chamber.

5. A garimge-furnace comprising a principal furnace, a secondaryfurnace, asmokeconsuming chamber, an air-tempering chantber adjacent toand deriving its heat f1 om the furnaces, a steam-generating plantactuated by the energy derived from the combustion of the fuel intncfurnaces, conduits leading from the outer air to said air-temperingchamber, and means adapted to put a fluidpressure uponthe air in saidconduits to draw it into the conduits and force it to and beneath thegrate-bars of the furnaces.

6. A garbage-furnace comprising a principal furnace, a secondaryfurnace, a smokecon'suming chamber, an air-tempering chamber ad jaccntto and deriving its heat from the furnaces, a steam-genernting plantactuated by the energy derived from the combustion of the fuel in thefurnaces, conduits leading from the outer air to said air-temperingchamber, and means adapted to put a fluidprcssure upon the air in saidconduits to draw itainto the conduits and force it to and beneath thegrate-bars of the furnaces, consisting of a pipe leading from thesteam-space in the steam-generating plant'to the air-conduits leadingfrom the outer air to the airtempering chamber and valves whereby thesteam may be discharged from said pipe into said conduits.

7. In a furnace of the class described, a garbage-receiving platform, afuel-grate, an inclined grate leading downward from the said platform tothe fuel-grate, air-feeding means, means for moving the garbage downsaid inclined grate and means for subdividing the space beneath thegrates whereby the amount of 'air fed to each grate may be separatelyregulated.

8. In a furnace of the class described, a garbage-receiving latform, afuel-grate, an inclined grate'lea ing downward from the said platform tothe fuel-grate, means for moving the garbage down said inclined ate andheating the same from beneath whi e on the grate by an uprushing columnof heated air and means for subdividing the space beneath the grateswhereby the amount of air fed to each grate maybe separatel *regulated.

9, In a furnace of the-class escribed, a garbage-receiving platform, afuel-grate beneath the level of the same, an inclined grate comprisingrevolving bars leading from the platform to the fuelgrate, anair-temperin chamber, means for forcing air heated in sai chamberthrough the inclined grate and means for subdividing the space beneaththe grates whereby the amount of air fed to each .grate may be separately regulated.

10. In a furnace of the class described, a garbagea'eceiving )latform, afuel-grate beneath the llT'VUl of the same, an inclined grate com)rising revolving bars leading from the platform to the fuel-grate, anair-tem ering chamber, means for forcing air heated t erein upwardlythrough the said inclined grate consisting of a steam-generating lantactuated by, the energy derived from t 1e combustion ofthe fuel in thefurnace and a pipe leading from said plant to the air-tempering chamberwhereby steam under pressure is introduced therein and means forsubdividing the space beneath the grates whereby the amount of air fedto each grate may be separately regulated. In testimony whereof I affixin presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN BOULGER my signature VVitnessesz' ALAN MoDoNNnLL, HERMAN MEYER.

